Unique thousand-year-old gold treasure discovered by 27-year-old Dutchman with metal detector

A unique medieval gold treasure was discovered by a Dutch historian using a metal detector. He mainly found four gold earrings, two strips of gold leaf and 39 silver coins that are a millennium old. The discovery was announced by the Royal Museum of Antiquities of the Netherlands.

The 27 years old historian Lorenzo Ruijter, said he discovered this impressive treasure in Hoogwoud, a small town in the province of North Holland.

In an interview with Reuters, Ruijter said, "It was very important that I discovered something so valuable. I really can not describe it. I never expected to discover something like this," adding that it was very difficult to keep his discovery under wraps for almost two years until the museum fully evaluated it.

However, experts at the Royal Museum of Antiquities took time to clean, examine and date the objects, and only now have they discovered that the youngest coin in the collection dates from around 1250 AD, leading them to conclude that the treasure was buried at that time.

By that time, the jewelry was already two centuries old, the museum said in a statement, adding that it must have been an "expensive and treasured acquisition".

While it will remain a mystery exactly why the treasure was buried, the museum pointed out that at the time, in the mid-13th century, Hoogwoud was at the center of a war between the Dutch regions of West Frisia and the Netherlands.

Lorenzo Ruijter believes it is possible that an influential figure of the time buried the precious items to protect them and in the hope of recovering them when he thought they were safe.

Because of its archeological value, the treasure has been given to the museum where it will be exhibited, but it remains the official property of Lorenzo Ruijter, who discovered it.

Golden Mountains Showed Up After The Euphrates River Finally Dried Up

Imagine a world where myths from long ago come true. Where the secrets of history are uncovered in the most unexpected places. Welcome to the mysterious site where the Euphrates River once flowed. But now, something extraordinary has emerged from the parched riverbed. A sight so stunning, it has left experts baffled and visitors in awe. Join us on an unforgettable journey as we explore the Golden Mountains that appeared after the dried-up Euphrates River. You won't believe your eyes!

The Tigris is the other big river that defines Mesopotamia. The Euphrates is the westernmost of the two.

Joe Rogan Reacts To Archaeologists Discovering a Mummified Monk in China

In today’s video Joe Rogan discusses the discovery of the mummified monk inside the statue on his podcast, The Joe Rogan Experience. He was amazed at the discovery, saying that it was unreal and crazy. Joe Rogan went on to say that he had heard of a Buddha statue that had been discovered with an actual Yogi in a Lotus position inside it, and the statue had been covered up around him.

NASA Just Announced The African Continent Cracked & It's Going To Cause Record Flooding

In the video below we will be talking about how NASA has now revealed that the African continent has cracked, resulting in record flooding. Enjoy!

This Archaeological Discovery Changes Everything About Denisovans

Forget everything you thought you knew about human evolution. Archaeologists just Discovered Who really Lived in Denisova Cave in Siberia. Denisova Cave in the Altai Mountains was home to archaic humans for a quarter-million years, including Denisovans, Neanderthals and Homo sapiens. The question is, who lived there when and in what order?

Denisova Cave is a crossroads of human evolution, deep in Siberia's Altai Mountains. Over tens of thousands of years, it was inhabited by various hominin species, not necessarily in this order: Homo sapiens, Neanderthals, and, of course, Denisovans - the elusive group discovered only recently at this site.

Denisovans are an ancient human group. The genetic analysis of a tooth and a tiny finger bone discovered in Denisova Cave in Siberia's Altai mountains provided our first tantalizing glimpse of the Denisovans. The fossil record of these mysterious humans is extremely limited, with only four fragments of bone and teeth and a jawbone discovered in Tibet.

How Hygienic were People in the Past?

In today’s video we will analyze how hygienic people were through the ages. Watch the video below to find out more!

Great Pyramids & Atlantis on 7,000 YEAR Ancient Relic? Ancient Egypt is Far Older Than They Say...

There’s a 7,000 year old drawing of Pyramids on a 7,000 year old ancient relic? How can this possible if the Great Pyramids of Giza are said to be 4,500 years old? This relic is referred to as the ‘Nubian Egg’. Does this Ostrich egg also depict the Lost City of Atlantis? In this video I share three pieces of evidence that “suggest” that the Ancient Egyptians are thousands of years older than what we were taught.

Secrets of a Medieval Castle | Chepstow Castle

Chepstow Castle, one of the first stone built castles in Wales, construction began in 1067, a year after the Norman invasion. Kevin Hicks has taken students around Chepstow for almost 30 years. Today, he takes us on a special tour of his favourite castle and shares with us some of the secrets he's discovered over that time.

Bizarre Discoveries Made In The Vatican

In the following video we will be exploring bizarre discoveries made in the Vatican. Watch the video to find out more!

Experts found a 4,500-year-old palace in Iraq, and it may be the key to a lost civilization

Have you ever wondered what secrets lie hidden beneath the sands of Iraq? Experts have recently made an astonishing discovery that might change our understanding of ancient civilizations. So, let’s reveal the incredible find of a 4,500-year-old palace in Iraq that may hold the key to a lost civilization. What secrets does this palace hold? Who were the people that built it?

Today we will explore the fascinating world of ancient Mesopotamia and uncover the mysteries of this incredible archaeological discovery.

Shocking Discovery: Massive Pyramids Unearthed in Antarctica's Icy Depths

In this video, we reveal the shocking discovery of massive pyramid structures buried deep in Antarctica's frozen wasteland. Join us on a journey of exploration as we delve into the mysterious history of these ancient structures and uncover the secrets they hold. We'll share the latest scientific findings and theories about the possible origins and purpose of these enigmatic pyramids. Could they be evidence of a lost civilization, or even extraterrestrial influence? Watch this video to find out!

Discovering Petra: Jordan's Ancient Hidden Gem

Petra, a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the New Seven Wonders of the World, is an ancient city carved into the red sandstone cliffs in the southwestern desert of Jordan. Often called the 'Rose City' due to the color of the stone, Petra was once the thriving capital of the Nabataean kingdom.

This archaeological marvel remained hidden to the Western world until it was rediscovered by Swiss explorer Johann Ludwig Burckhardt in 1812. Today, Petra attracts visitors from all over the globe, who come to marvel at its unique architecture and learn about its rich history.

The last known sabertooth skull was discovered in Iowa, according to researchers

According to researchers, a well-preserved sabertooth cat skull discovered in southwest Iowa may have been one of the last specimens of the species to roam the earth as glaciers retreated and temperatures increased.

According to Matthew Hil, an associate professor of archaeology at Iowa State and specialist in animal bones, radiocarbon dating reveals that the male cat perished at the end of the Ice Age between 13,605 and 13,460 years ago before being interred in the East Nishnabotna River.

David Easterla, an emeritus biology professor at Northwest Missouri State University, and Hill examined the specimen. Quaternary Science Reviews just released their research findings.

According to Hill, there is a very tiny possibility of discovering any sabertooth cat fossils, and locating one in Page County is even more unusual.

He continued, "The skull is a tremendously major deal. "Findings of this species are dispersed widely and typically consist of a single tooth or bone. This East Nishnabotna River skull is in very pristine condition. It's beautiful."

The skull provides proof that the animal was 2 to 3 years old and well over 500 pounds when it died. This shows that the sabertooth cat may have been larger than the majority of cats found in southern California, according to the university.

Hill and Easterla believe that southwest Iowa at this time resembled central Canada today in that it was a parkland with patches of trees scattered across grassland spaces.

The dire wolf, enormous short-faced bear, long-nosed peccary, flat-headed peccary, stag-moose, muskox, giant ground sloth, and possibly some bison and mammoth would have all coexisted with the cat, according to the expert.

A shattered canine on the skull may provide a hint as to how the sabertooth cat perished, according to researchers. Hill and Easterla suggest that the animal was fatally wounded by the prey, which resulted in a serious injury.

"These kinds of fossils can teach us a lot. They contain information on the ecology of the animals and how they react to a changing climate, as well as the advent of new predators and competitors, such as people "explained Hill.

Hill stated that he intends to use chemical markers in the fossil itself to discover more about the diets of animals in Iowa.

According to him, Iowa is an excellent place to conduct research on extinct Ice Period creatures and the people who were only beginning to coexist with them.

The Evolution of Egyptian Pyramid Structures: From Mastabas to the Great Pyramid of Khufu

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By Dimosthenis Vasiloudis

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The Egyptian pyramids are among the most iconic and enduring symbols of ancient civilization. Over the centuries, these monumental structures have captivated the imagination of millions, inspiring both awe and curiosity. The development of pyramid structures in ancient Egypt spanned several centuries and evolved from simple pre-dynastic tombs to the grandiose constructions that we associate with the term "pyramid" today. This article will explore the evolution of Egyptian pyramid structures, beginning with the mastaba tombs of the pre-dynastic period and culminating with the Great Pyramid of Khufu.

I. Pre-Dynastic Mastaba Tombs

Before the construction of the first pyramids, the people of ancient Egypt buried their dead in structures known as mastabas. These flat-roofed, rectangular structures were made of mud-brick and served as tombs for the elite members of society. The word "mastaba" is derived from the Arabic word for "bench," reflecting the bench-like shape of these structures. Mastabas featured an underground burial chamber accessed through a vertical shaft and a chapel above ground where family members could perform rituals and leave offerings for the deceased.

II. The Step Pyramid of Djoser: A Monumental Leap

The construction of the first pyramid in Egypt is attributed to Pharaoh Djoser, who ruled during the 3rd Dynasty (circa 2667-2648 BCE). His vizier, Imhotep, is credited as the architect behind the innovative design of the Step Pyramid, which is considered the first large-scale stone monument in the world. The Step Pyramid, located in Saqqara, represented a significant departure from the mastaba tombs that preceded it.

The Step Pyramid consists of six distinct mastaba-like layers, stacked one on top of the other, with each subsequent layer smaller than the one below it. This design gave the structure its distinct stepped appearance. The pyramid was initially intended as a traditional mastaba tomb, but Imhotep expanded the design, transforming it into a revolutionary new architectural concept. The Step Pyramid served as a template for future pyramid construction and marked the beginning of the Old Kingdom era of pyramid building.

III. The Transition to True Pyramids: Sneferu's Innovations

During the reign of Pharaoh Sneferu (circa 2613-2589 BCE), the father of Khufu, the design of pyramids underwent further evolution. Sneferu was responsible for the construction of three major pyramids: the Meidum Pyramid, the Bent Pyramid, and the Red Pyramid.

The Meidum Pyramid began as a step pyramid, but was later modified into a true pyramid by filling in the steps with limestone casing stones. However, the structure experienced a catastrophic collapse, likely due to the unstable foundation and steep angle.

Learning from the failure at Meidum, Sneferu's architects designed the Bent Pyramid, which featured a change in the angle of inclination midway through its construction. This adjustment likely prevented a collapse, but resulted in the pyramid's unique bent shape.

Sneferu's final pyramid, the Red Pyramid, is considered the first successful true pyramid. Its smooth sides and consistent angle of inclination set the standard for future pyramid construction, paving the way for the Great Pyramid of Khufu.

IV. The Culmination: The Great Pyramid of Khufu

The pinnacle of pyramid evolution is undoubtedly the Great Pyramid of Khufu (circa 2580-2560 BCE), which remains one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. Located in Giza, the Great Pyramid stands at approximately 481 feet tall and was the tallest man-made structure in the world for nearly 4,000 years. It is constructed from an estimated 2.3 million limestone blocks, some of which weigh over 15 tons. The precision and craftsmanship exhibited in its construction continue to baffle modern engineers and architects.

The Great Pyramid was built as a tomb for Pharaoh Khufu, and its original purpose was to serve as a stairway to the heavens, allowing the pharaoh's soul to ascend to the afterlife. The pyramid features three burial chambers: the King's Chamber, the Queen's Chamber, and an unfinished subterranean chamber. The King's Chamber contains a granite sarcophagus, presumably for Khufu, but no remains have ever been found inside.

The construction methods used to build the Great Pyramid remain a subject of debate and speculation. It is believed that a large workforce of skilled laborers and engineers was required to complete the pyramid over a 20-year period. Some theories suggest the use of ramps or levers to move and lift the massive stone blocks into place.

V. The Legacy of Egyptian Pyramid Structures

The pyramids of Egypt stand as a testament to the architectural and engineering prowess of ancient Egyptian civilization. Although the construction of pyramids declined after the reign of Khufu, their influence is still evident in later structures, such as the Nubian pyramids of Sudan and the Meroe pyramids.

The evolution of pyramid structures, from simple mastaba tombs to the awe-inspiring Great Pyramid of Khufu, represents a fascinating journey through the architectural advancements and cultural beliefs of ancient Egypt. Today, these iconic monuments continue to captivate visitors from around the world, serving as a powerful reminder of humanity's enduring drive to create, innovate, and leave a lasting legacy.

Where do the names of the days of the week come from?

The names of the days of the week in English have their origins in ancient mythology, specifically from Roman, Norse, and Germanic traditions. The Romans initially named the days of the week after the seven classical planets, which were associated with their respective gods. When Germanic and Norse cultures adopted the Roman calendar, they replaced some of the Roman gods with their own deities. Here's a breakdown of the origins of the names of the days of the week in English:

1. Sunday: Derived from "Sun's day" or "Day of the Sun." The day was named in honor of the Sun, which was considered a deity in various ancient cultures, including Roman and Norse mythology.

2. Monday: Derived from "Moon's day" or "Day of the Moon." This day was dedicated to the Moon, another celestial body that was revered as a deity in many ancient cultures.

3. Tuesday: Derived from "Tiw's day" or "Tyr's day." Tiw (also known as Tyr) was a Norse god of war and the sky. The Romans named this day "dies Martis," after Mars, their god of war. The Germanic and Norse people replaced Mars with their own god of war, Tiw or Tyr.

4. Wednesday: Derived from "Woden's day" or "Odin's day." Woden (also known as Odin) was the chief god in Norse mythology, associated with war, wisdom, and poetry. The Romans named this day "dies Mercurii," after Mercury, their god of commerce and travel. Germanic and Norse cultures replaced Mercury with their own chief god, Woden or Odin.

5. Thursday: Derived from "Thor's day." Thor was the Norse god of thunder and strength. The Romans named this day "dies Jovis," after Jupiter, their king of the gods and god of the sky and thunder. Germanic and Norse people replaced Jupiter with their own god of thunder, Thor.

6. Friday: Derived from "Frigg's day" or "Freya's day." Frigg (or Freya) was the Norse goddess of love, fertility, and beauty. The Romans named this day "dies Veneris," after Venus, their goddess of love and beauty. Germanic and Norse cultures replaced Venus with their own goddess of love, Frigg or Freya.

7. Saturday: Derived from "Saturn's day" or "Day of Saturn." This day was named in honor of the Roman god Saturn, who was associated with agriculture and time. In this case, the Germanic and Norse people did not replace the Roman god with one of their own, so the name "Saturday" retains its Roman origin.

These names have been passed down through history and evolved over time, becoming the names we use for the days of the week in English today.

Shaking hands: How the ancient Greeks revolutionized the way people around the world greet each other

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By Dimosthenis Vasiloudis

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Handshaking is just one of many forms of greeting that have been used throughout history and across cultures. Handshaking, as a form of greeting, has evolved and spread across the globe in various ways. Although the ancient Greeks played a role in popularizing the handshake, many other factors have contributed to its widespread adoption as well.

The origin of handshaking is not precisely known, but it is believed to date back to at least the 5th century BCE in ancient Greece, where it was a symbol of peace, as it showed that neither person was carrying a weapon. Handshaking has been depicted in ancient Greek art, such as on funerary steles and in vase paintings, often showing the gesture between two individuals as a sign of agreement or friendship.

However, other cultures and societies have their own traditional forms of greeting that may predate or have developed independently of the ancient Greek handshake. For example, bowing is a common greeting in many East Asian countries, while the Maori of New Zealand have the hongi, a traditional greeting where they press their noses together.

Over time, handshaking has become a more widely adopted form of greeting, especially in Western societies, but it cannot be solely attributed to the ancient Greeks as the source of this global change.

The Roman Empire, for instance, played a significant role in spreading the handshake. Roman handshakes, however, were slightly different than the Greek version, as they often involved clasping the forearms as a sign of trust and friendship. As the Roman Empire expanded, the custom of handshaking was disseminated to many regions under its control, further popularizing the gesture.

The handshake has also been historically associated with chivalry and courtesy, especially during the Middle Ages. Knights would offer their hand in a handshake to demonstrate that they were not carrying weapons and to show respect to their peers.

In more recent times, the handshake has become a standard greeting in many professional and social settings across the world, particularly in Western cultures. It is often used in business interactions, diplomatic meetings, and social events as a sign of respect and trust. In some cases, the handshake has also developed into more intricate variations, such as secret handshakes used by members of certain groups or organizations.

Despite the popularity of handshaking, different cultures have their own distinct greetings that are deeply rooted in their traditions. For example, the Indian "namaste" involves pressing the palms together in front of the chest with a slight bow, while many Middle Eastern countries practice a combination of handshaking and cheek kissing.

In conclusion, the ancient Greeks contributed to the practice of handshaking, but they did not single-handedly revolutionize the way people greet each other worldwide. The handshake has been influenced by various cultural practices and historical contexts, and it exists alongside many other diverse forms of greeting.

12 Most Amazing Ancient Finds That Change History

Archaeological finds broadly fit into one of two categories. They either confirm what we think we already know about history or they challenge our understanding of history. Finds of the first kind are useful, but finds of the second kind are far more exciting. Allow us to prove it to you by checking some out in this video!

Archaeologists In Egypt Unearthed A Tomb With 50 Millennia Old Mummies Hidden Deep Inside

At the tunel jebel necropolis in minya, archaeologists are digging 30 feet below the surface at the beginning of 2019. Egypt, and when the team discovers a series of tombs deep in the ground, their efforts pay off.

However, there is yet another surprise to come. When the chambers were opened by the archaeologists, they discovered a stunning burial ground for fifty mummies, making their find truly unique. Archaeologists have found 50-millennia-old mummies in a tomb in egypt on earth. However, egypt was not a single nation with a border; rather, it was divided into lower egypt and upper egypt. And close to that line of division. Her model was once too tall for a major city and provincial capital.

However, despite the fact that her model remained after the romans conquered egypt, its demise was brought about by the muslim conquest in the seventh century ad. In any case, in its prime, her mandalas was second just to hoodlums in its lavishness, which makes sense of maybe why archeologists have since revealed such a great amount from this old metropolitan region.

Joe Rogan "The Sahara Desert Is Not What We're Beeing Told!"

In the video below Joe Rogan will be talking about the Sahara Desert, revealing facts we haven’t heard before. Enjoy!

Cave of Crystals "Giant Crystal Cave"

Cave of the Crystals or Giant Crystal Cave is a cave connected to the Naica Mine 300 metres (980 ft) below the surface in Naica, Chihuahua, Mexico.

One of the world's most spectacular geographical discoveries was the cave of giant crystals with its selenite crystals of a size never seen before. most of them measure six meters in length, with some of them reaching eleven meters. the temperature at this depth varies from 45°C to 50°C, while the percentage of humidity ranges from 90 to 100%, meaning that human beings cannot survive there for longer than two hours.