Scientists may have unraveled the mysterious Titanic of the ancient world, but there are still so many mysteries they are yet to explain despite their advanced methods and years of research. One such mystery is the technologies used by our ancestors thousands of years ago, some dating back to the stone age.
How Ice Ages Happen: The Milankovitch Cycles
Many people are confused in thinking this has something to do with the global warming debate. This explains how the climate changes naturally over hundreds of thousands of years and is unrelated to any changes over the past century. The Milankovitch Cycles are changes in the Earth's orbit and rotation that cause the Earth's climate to change over hundreds of thousands of years.
Who were the Canaanites? (The Land of Canaan, Geography, People and History)
In the following video we will be discussing about the land of Canaan and who were the Canaanites. Enjoy!
12 Most Amazing Archaeological Finds
Who’s ready to check out some more incredible archaeology? We know we are, so we hope you are too! It’s what we do best on this channel, and we’ll be doing it yet again in this video with a highlight tour of phenomenal archaeological finds from around the planet. Let’s get started!
India's ancient martial art feared by the British Raj
Sanatan Shastar Vidya is an ancient martial art, which has existed in northern India for thousands of years.
It was adopted by the Sikh warriors in the 17th Century and is considered a spiritual as well as a physical exercise.
Today a more modernised version is practiced, known as 'Gatka' - which predominantly involves stick fighting and tactical positioning. It is now popular as a sport or sword dance performance art.
Egyptologists uncover 4,300-year-old tombs
Dozens of stone artefacts were excavated from the tombs near Cairo which date back to the fifth and sixth Egyptian dynasties. Watch the video to find out more!
The recently discovered 65-ton enormous dinosaur provides answers to a puzzle in the world of paleontology
A gargantuan, long-necked dinosaur as big as a two-story house and weighing as much as 12 elephants once stalked a flower-dotted earth some 77 million years ago in what is now Argentina.
That's where paleontologists discovered the beast's bones, naming it Dreadnoughtus schrani after steel warships. The dinosaur is a sauropod, a type of long-necked, four-legged dinosaur that only ate plants.
"I think the big herbivores don't get their due for being" intimidating, said study lead author Ken Lacovara, an associate professor of paleontology and geology at Drexel University in Philadelphia. "I thought it should have a fearsome name."
Lacovara named the dinosaur after dreadnaughts, warships that were created in the early 20th century. "For a time, they were basically impervious to attack," Lacovara told Live Science. "I thought that Dreadnoughtus would be a good name for these dinosaurs, which does two things: It means 'fears nothing,' and this dinosaur would have had nothing to fear. It also connotes something big like a battleship."
The species name, schrani, honors Adam Schran, an Internet entrepreneur and financial supporter of the project.
The big dig
Lacovara stumbled across Dreadnoughtus in February 2005, when he unearthed a small patch of bones in Patagonia, which is in southern Argentina.
"It turned into a 6-foot-plus-long [1.8 meters] femur, which was nice, but I kind of figured that this was going to be an isolated bone," Lacovara told Live Science. "And then we uncovered the tibia, and then we uncovered the fibula. By the end of the day, we had 10 bones exposed. And four years later, we had 145 bones exposed."
In fact, they had found two dinosaurs. The remains of the large Dreadnoughtus, the one the researchers examined in their new study, included 115 bones, and the smaller dinosaur's remains included 30 bones.
To the researchers' delight, much of the skeletons had stayed in place, revealing how the bones connected with one another. In many cases, dinosaur bones are found splayed apart, leaving much guesswork for paleontologists trying to piece the remains together, Lacovara said.
The researchers uncovered about 45 percent of the Dreadnoughtus' total skeleton and about 70 percent of the bones in its body, providing a rare glimpse of the anatomy and biomechanics of one of the largest dinosaurs to ever live.
"To finally get to see what a really big sauropod looks like is fantastic," Steve Salisbury, a paleontologist from the University of Queensland in Brisbane, Australia, who was not involved in the study, told Live Science in an email. "Although we've known that there are a few really big sauropods out there, particularly among the titanosaurs [a group within sauropod dinosaurs], most have been known from fairly incomplete fossils."
These partial skeletons lead to speculative estimates about the animals' overall size and body proportions, Salisbury added. Before this new discovery, the most complete super-massive titanosaur fossil came from the Futalognkosaurus dukei, which was also discovered in Pategonia. These remains included about 15 percent of the animal's total skeleton and approximately 27 percent of the types of bones in its body, Lacovara said.
The new fossils, including a single, 2-inch-long (5 centimeters) tooth, are now in Lacovara's lab at Drexel University, on research loan from the Province of Santa Cruz, Argentina, which owns the dinosaur. The excavation team never found the dino's head, which would have been small and lightweight because it sat at the end of a 37-foot (11 m) neck.
"It's kind of a joke that sauropods don't have heads, because you almost never find a head," Lacovara said. "When they die, their heads pop off and you don't find them."
When the dinosaurs roamed
Dreadnoughtus lived about 77 million years ago, during the Late Cretaceous. The planet was likely warm and ice free, meaning that ocean levels were about 200 feet (61 m) above what they are today, Lacovara said. Flowering plants blossomed everywhere.
Australia, Antarctica and South America were still connected during this period. In fact, fossils can help researchers piece together how the continents were joined together in the past. It's too difficult to dig for dinosaurs in the Antarctic ice, but Lacovara said he wonders if Dreadnoughtus fossils could be found in Australia — a project for another time, he said.
Still, complete skeletons of super-massive dinosaurs — those weighing 40 tons or more — are rarely found. At 65 tons, Dreadnoughtus is 85 feet (26 m) long, and two stories high at its shoulder. Estimates of the weight and length of other super-massive dinosaurs are typically based on only a handful of bones, the researchers said.
For example, estimates for the size of the Argentinosaurus, one of the largest dinosaurs on record, are based on just 13 of about 250 bones from its skeleton, Lacovara said.
He speculates that the two Dreadnoughtus dinosaurs found in Argentina died when a river flooded after suddenly breaking through a natural levee. This would have turned the ground into a soupy mess of sand and water, and led to the rapid burial of the dinosaurs.
"This needs to happen before the bones are heavily scavenged and/or break down naturally," Salisbury said. "I suspect that in most instances, the carcasses of some of the larger sauropods were just so big that unless they were in the right place at the right time, their carcasses were probably heavily scavenged, and in most instances, large parts of the skeleton probably never got preserved,"
The large Dreadnoughtus dinosaur has a few tooth marks on its vertebra, likely from a meat-eating scavenger that chewed on the dinosaur around the time of its death, the researchers said.
"If you put 65 tons of meat on the table, some scavengers are going to show up," Lacovara said. "We have some teeth of the meat[-eating] dinosaurs. They typically lose teeth as they feed."
"But," he added, "it's not the kind of injury that would kill Dreadnoughtus. It looks like something you would put a Band-Aid on."
Further analysis of the bones suggests that the large Dreadnoughtus was not yet fully grown. The shoulder bones are not fused together as they would be in a mature adult, and a section of the fossils show that the animal's bone-growing cells look like that of a youthful individual, Lacovara said.
The team did a "great" job examining the bones — which they scanned into 3D PDF files that are available to the public — and fitting them into the dinosaur family tree, said Patrick O'Connor, professor of anatomy at Ohio University in Athens, Ohio
"Many people are going to be very excited to see a dinosaur this complete coming out," O'Connor said. "A lot of times, we'll have a dinosaur based on a humerus or a couple parts of a vertebrae. This is a great because it's a lot of material to work with."
New Mysterious Discovery In The Philippines!
The study of what our ancestors left behind is known as archaeology. It can sound dull, particularly if you would rather read about battles than learn about objects that are too museum-like for your tastes. The prehistoric Philippines isn't only about primitive tools and stones; the early Filipinos also left behind incredible artifacts for us to be awed off.
6 Disgusting Occupations in the Medieval Era
You would think that there would be just a few occupations during the Middle Ages. There would be the lord of the manor, the knights, the lord’s household and the peasants. But this is just a broad outline of the myriad of jobs that were available and each one fulfilled an essential role in Medieval society. Really there were just two classes, the elite and the workers but the lord and his court could not survive without the assistance of the labourers. Some of the jobs such as carpenters, bakers and barbers still continue to this day. Others have disappeared into the annals of history. For the following jobs, that is not a bad thing.
A historian unearthed evidence that could prove King Arthur's existence
Tintagel Castle's 13th-century remnants are atop rugged slopes where waves crash against precipitous cliffs. Cornwall, in southwest England, is the location of the fortress. Because King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table lived there, it's a fascinating middle Ages relic and a vital part of British culture found evidence that King Arthur existed. In 1136, Welshman Jeffrey of Monmouth detailed King Arthur's narrative. The story of knights and fair maidens was popular in Britain and medieval Europe. Arthur's bravery is still recounted. Up to 250,000 tourists visit Tintagel Castle, King Arthur's fortress, each year. This early British ruler is a mystery. He existed? Historians are puzzled by that. We'll begin by researching Arthur's past.
As we'll discover, King Arthur's history is a maze of half-truths, truths, and conflicting historians.
5 Great Viking Deaths (And What They Tell Us About the Viking Mindset)
In today’s video we will be talking about the death of 5 great Vikings and what they tell us about the Viking mindset. Enjoy!
Most Impressive Archaeological Discoveries
In the video below we will be exploring some of the most impressive archaeological discoveries. Watch for more and enjoy!
The Art Of A Samurai Bow | Ancient Japan
Samurai Bow explores the violence, beauty and reverie which surround the Samurai's earliest weapon. With stunning dramatic reconstruction, we reveal the ancient way of the Samurai and explore how the bow could avert wars when put in the hands of a true master.
Featuring Japan's most revered archery teacher Master Ogasawara we visit his mounted archery school and see the students intense training and dedication, then follow Ogasawara's son as he prepares to shoot from a galloping horse in the Yabusame ceremony.
Comparing the Japanese bow to another great war bow, the English Longbow we put them both through scientific tests to examine the specialities of each. Using stunning high speed footage we reveal their power and precision and ask what makes the Yumi so special.
Master craftsmen, martial artists and expert historians combine to tell the story of this noble weapon from its bloody past to its revered standing today in Samurai Bow.
Forgotten History: the Romani (Gypsy) Migration from India to Europe
The Romani (colloquially known as the "Gypsies") are a community of European itinerants with surprising origins in northwest India. In this video, we explore the fascinating histories of two distinct Romani groups: the Roma and the Sinti. From surviving Turkic and Arab invasions, to navigating the complex social worlds of unfamiliar lands in the Middle East and Europe, this is the tale of migrant peoples who made a life for themselves despite extraordinary circumstances.
15 Most Expensive Jewels in the World
Forged over millions of years under intense heat and pressure, conditions have to be absolutely perfect for flawless natural gems to be produced. Collectors are willing to pay astronomical amounts of money for the world's most beautiful and rare jewels. The past 15 years, in particular, have seen prices skyrocket. Join us for today's video, as we look through the top 15 most expensive jewels in the world.
Who were the Mycenaeans? The Real Civilization who fought the Trojan War
The true ancient civilization behind the Trojan war (Illiad and Odessey-the greek heroes Agamemnon, Hector, and Achilles). The Mycenaeans. The history of how they interacted with the bronze age world including the Egyptians, Hittites. From the early days with the Minoans to the Trojan war and sea peoples. rediscover this lost civilization.
How tundra nomads go to the toilet & take a shower when -58°F, -50°C. Not like we do!
Many many people asked about this particular part of reeindeer herders life. People from tundra are very shy when it comes to talk about this. But still it is obvious they have to go to the toilet and wash themselves... But how do they do it when there is no WC or simply a shower in tundra? Let's see!
The Fascinating Origins of Hominins
In today’s video we will be exploring the fascinating origins of Hominins. Watch for more and enjoy!
The Pandemic That Lasted 15 Million Years
Our DNA holds evidence of a huge, ancient pandemic, one that touched many different species, spanned the globe, and lasted for more than 15 million years. Watch the video to find out more!
Most Ancient Dog Breeds That Still Exist Today!
Check out the most ancient dog breeds that still exist today! This top 10 list of amazing rare dogs explains the history of dogs, starting with some of the oldest dogs that were kept as pets thousands of years ago!
