List of Pharaohs of Egypt: From 3100 BC until Roman Era

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BY THE ARCHAEOLOGIST EDITOR GROUP

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The ancient land of Egypt, adorned with colossal pyramids and enigmatic hieroglyphs, is steeped in a history that spans millennia. At the heart of this grand civilization were the pharaohs, the revered rulers who held dominion over the Nile Valley for over three thousand years. Here is a comprehensive list of the known Egyptian pharaohs, organized chronologically by dynasties:

First Dynasty (c. 3100–2890 BC):

1. Narmer (Menes)

2. Hor-Aha

3. Djer

4. Djet

5. Den

6. Anedjib

7. Semerkhet

8. Qa'a

Second Dynasty (c. 2890–2686 BC):

1. Hotepsekhemwy

2. Raneb (Nynetjer)

3. Peribsen

4. Khasekhemwy

Third Dynasty (c. 2686–2613 BC):

1. Djoser (Netjerikhet)

2. Sekhemkhet

3. Sanakht

4. Khaba

5. Huni

Fourth Dynasty (c. 2613–2494 BC):

1. Sneferu

2. Khufu (Cheops)

3. Djedefre

4. Khafre (Chephren)

5. Menkaure

6. Shepseskaf

Fifth Dynasty (c. 2494–2345 BC):

1. Userkaf

2. Sahure

3. Neferirkare Kakai

4. Shepseskare

5. Neferefre

6. Nyuserre Ini

7. Menkauhor Kaiu

8. Djedkare Isesi

9. Unas

Sixth Dynasty (c. 2345–2181 BC):

1. Teti

2. Userkare

3. Pepi I

4. Merenre Nemtyemsaf I

5. Pepi II

6. Merenre Nemtyemsaf II

7. Netjerkare Siptah

8. Menkare

9. Neferkare II

10. Neferkare Neby

First Intermediate Period (c. 2181–2055 BC): A time of fragmented rule and uncertain history.

Middle Kingdom (c. 2055–1650 BC):

1. Mentuhotep II (11th Dynasty)

2. Mentuhotep III (11th Dynasty)

3. Amenemhat I (12th Dynasty)

4. Senusret I (12th Dynasty)

5. Amenemhat II (12th Dynasty)

6. Senusret II (12th Dynasty)

7. Senusret III (12th Dynasty)

8. Amenemhat III (12th Dynasty)

9. Amenemhat IV (12th Dynasty)

10. Sobekneferu (12th Dynasty)

Second Intermediate Period (c. 1650–1550 BC): Another era of fragmented rule and foreign influence.

New Kingdom (c. 1550–1070 BC):

1. Ahmose I (18th Dynasty)

2. Amenhotep I (18th Dynasty)

3. Thutmose I (18th Dynasty)

4. Thutmose II (18th Dynasty)

5. Hatshepsut (18th Dynasty)

6. Thutmose III (18th Dynasty)

7. Amenhotep II (18th Dynasty)

8. Thutmose IV (18th Dynasty)

9. Amenhotep III (18th Dynasty)

10. Akhenaten (18th Dynasty)

11. Smenkhkare (18th Dynasty)

12. Tutankhamun (18th Dynasty)

13. Ay (18th Dynasty)

14. Horemheb (18th Dynasty)

Third Intermediate Period (c. 1070–664 BC): A period marked by regional fragmentation and foreign domination.

Late Period (c. 664–332 BC):

1. Necho I (26th Dynasty)

2. Psamtik I (26th Dynasty)

3. Necho II (26th Dynasty)

4. Psamtik II (26th Dynasty)

5. Apries (26th Dynasty)

6. Amasis II (26th Dynasty)

7. Psamtik III (26th Dynasty)

8. Cambyses II (Persian ruler)

9. Darius I (Persian ruler)

10. Xerxes I (Persian ruler)

11. Artaxerxes I (Persian ruler)

12. Darius II (Persian ruler)

13. Artaxerxes III (Persian ruler)

Late Period (cont.):

14. Darius III (Persian ruler)

1. Alexander the Great (Greek ruler)

2. Ptolemy I (Ptolemaic Dynasty)

3. Ptolemy II (Ptolemaic Dynasty)

4. Ptolemy III (Ptolemaic Dynasty)

5. Ptolemy IV (Ptolemaic Dynasty)

6. Ptolemy V (Ptolemaic Dynasty)

7. Ptolemy VI (Ptolemaic Dynasty)

8. Ptolemy VII (Ptolemaic Dynasty)

9. Ptolemy VIII (Ptolemaic Dynasty)

10. Cleopatra VII (Ptolemaic Dynasty)

Roman Period (30 BC–395 AD): Egypt became a province of the Roman Empire.

The above list provides a general overview of the pharaohs who ruled ancient Egypt across its long and storied history.

Source: wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_pharaohs