New Archaeological Discoveries Challenge Existing Timelines
Recent excavations in eastern China's Shandong province suggest that some of the earliest sections of the Great Wall were built approximately 300 years earlier than historians previously estimated. This groundbreaking discovery reshapes our understanding of the Wall's origins and construction timeline.
A Multi-Dynastic Engineering Feat
Findings from the Changqing region reveal that the Great Wall was not a singular, continuous project but rather a series of fortifications built and expanded over multiple dynasties. Initially constructed to protect China’s northern borders from nomadic invaders of the Eurasian Steppe, the Wall evolved through centuries of strategic development.
Historically, scholars believed that the earliest sections were constructed around the 7th century BCE, later unified under the Qin Dynasty in the 3rd century BCE. However, new evidence suggests that certain portions date back to the late Western Zhou Dynasty (1046–771 BCE) and the early Spring and Autumn Period (770–476 BCE).
Unveiling Ancient Engineering Techniques
Excavations covering over 1,000 square meters uncovered well-preserved structures, including walls, roads, house foundations, trenches, and ash pits. Researchers determined that during its peak under the Qi State in the Warring States Period (475–221 BCE), the Wall extended approximately 30 meters, showcasing advanced engineering techniques.
Historical texts have long suggested that various sections of the Wall underwent cycles of construction, use, abandonment, and restoration. The latest findings provide tangible evidence of these phases, deepening our understanding of how the Wall evolved over time.
Advanced Dating Methods Provide New Insights
To establish the age of these ancient structures, archaeologists employed a multidisciplinary approach, analyzing traditional artifacts alongside plant and animal remains. These methods allowed them to accurately date the newly uncovered sections, reinforcing their significance in early Chinese history.
Liu Zheng, a member of the Chinese Society of Cultural Relics, identified a particularly well-preserved section from the Warring States Period as the "earliest known Great Wall in China." The research also highlights the proximity of this segment to the ancient city of Pingyin, suggesting the Wall played a dual role—both as a defensive structure and a strategic tool for controlling trade and transportation.
A Revised Understanding of the Great Wall's History
This discovery redefines the historical timeline of the Great Wall, proving that its origins stretch further back than previously thought. As further excavations continue, archaeologists hope to uncover even more details about the Wall’s early construction and its role in shaping ancient Chinese civilization.
The research underscores the enduring legacy of China's engineering prowess, offering a deeper appreciation for one of the world's most iconic structures.
