Introduction

The Lighthouse of Alexandria, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, was a marvel of engineering that guided sailors safely into the bustling port of Alexandria, Egypt. Though it no longer stands, its impact on maritime navigation and architecture is still felt today.

Construction and Design

Built during the reign of Ptolemy II (3rd century BCE) on the island of Pharos.
Estimated to be 100-130 meters tall, making it one of the tallest structures of the ancient world.
Consisted of three tiers: a square base, a cylindrical midsection, and a smaller top tower.

Purpose and Functionality

Used a polished bronze mirror to reflect sunlight during the day.
At night, a fire burned at the top, guiding ships safely through treacherous waters.

Destruction and Legacy

Damaged by earthquakes between the 10th and 14th centuries CE.
Eventually replaced by the Citadel of Qaitbay, built using some of its remains.
Influenced lighthouse construction throughout history.

Conclusion

The Lighthouse of Alexandria stood as a symbol of human ingenuity and remains a fascinating relic of ancient engineering.