Today's video is about the Children and Family Tree of the King of the Gods Zeus, the God of Lightning, Thunder, Law, Justice, and the Sky. We're going to be talking about his parents Cronus and Rhea and his siblings Hestia, Hades, Demeter, Poseidon, and Hera, as well as his numerous wives and famous children. Famous children including Heracles, Perseus, Athena, Artemis, Hellen of Troy and famous wives such as Hera, Leto, Europa, and Alcmene. Come learn about Zeus's huge family tree.
Why Were Medieval Armies So Small?
In today’s video we will talk about the armies of the Middle Ages, as we try to deduce why they were smaller than their ancient and modern counterparts, how the fall of the Roman empire and the rise of feudalism affected the armies of the period. Enjoy!
12 Most Incredible Recent Archaeological Finds
Archaeology is a process that starts with digging into the ground to discover more about our ancestors, but it never ends. We’ll never find out everything there is to know about the places and people that came before us, but that doesn’t stop us from trying. There’s always an amazing archaeological discovery happening somewhere on the planet, and we like to bring the best of them to you on this channel. Here are some of the most impressive finds we’ve seen recently!
Megalithic Dolmens Discovered At The La Lentejuela Teba Necropolis
Archaeologists excavating in the southern area of the La Lentejuela Teba necropolis have discovered two Megalithic dolmens.
The La Lentejuela Teba necropolis is a concentration of burial structures located near Málaga, Spain. Previous excavations have identified 13 structures since the site was first studied in 2005, with recent excavations by the University of Cádiz (UCA) uncovering two new Megalithic dolmens.
This season has focused on a dolmen identified as Funeral Structure 1. The dolmen has a bent corridor that gives access to an antechamber, differentiated from the corridor by the presence of two vertical orthostats.
Preliminary dating suggests that the structure was constructed during the end of the 4th millennium BC, however, the dolmen was reused during the 3rd millennium BC by the Bronze Age people living nearby to deposit their dead inside small spaces built into the structure.
Serafín Becerra from UCA said: The Bronze Age populations deposit their deceased in this tomb and even built small spaces inside the dolmen to bury them individually, or at most with two individuals.”
The researchers have also applied new technologies to record all the structures at the necropolis by using aerial photography with a drone, 3D digital scanning, photogrammetry, precision topography through the use of total stations and differential GNSS.
Archaeological samples have also been taken to further date and build a chronology of the site, in addition to further understand the funerary practices of the people that inhabited the region during prehistory.
Ancient Greek City of Bathonea: Underwater Ruins of a Lighthouse Were Found
The excavations in the ancient Greek city of Bathonea, located in the Küçükçekmece Lake basin in the Avcılar district of Istanbul, with the discovery of underwater architectural remains of the second ancient lighthouse in Turkey after the ancient city of Patara.
The excavations in Bathonea, are being done by the Culture and Tourism Ministry and Kocaeli University under the supervision of Professor Şengül Aydıngün, aiming to reveal and preserve the historical and archaeological heritage.
The early Hittite traces found in the excavations of the Ancient City of Bathonea, where many unknown important structures of Istanbul and issues waiting to be enlightened, are brought to light, are described as the biggest discovery in the studies. With this discovery in the excavations, Hittite traces were found for the first time on the European continent.
The Bathonea ancient city also bore traces of the Thracian/Phrygian tribes, the existence of which was contested until these findings proved they migrated from the Bosporus to Anatolia 3,000 years ago.
Gannibal - African Son of Peter the Great of Russia
In the following video we will be talking about Gannibal, the African son of Peter the Great of Russia. Enjoy!
When did Sanskrit appear in India? | The Genetic Evidence
A topic that stirs up controversy in India is the development of Indo-Aryan languages, and specifically the idea that speakers of an early form of Sanskrit arrived in India between 2000 and 1500 BCE. While the linguistic argument is probably the strongest for the theory of an Indo-Aryan migration into South Asia, genetic evidence gathered so far supports it. In this video, other theories like the Aryan Invasion Theory and the Out of India Theory will be examined, along with the claims of Abhijit Chavda concerning the genetic evidence for or against migration of this language group into India.
The 3 Hated by the Gods - Sisyphus -Tantalus - Ixon
In the following video we will be talking about Sisyphus, Tantalus and Ixon, who were all hated by the ancient Greek gods. Enjoy!
Is There Archeological Evidence For The 10 Plagues Of The Exodus?
After six years of research, working with archeologists, Egyptologists, geologists, and theologians, Simcha Jacobovici came to the groundbreaking conclusion that the Exodus took place hundreds of years earlier than previously thought. With this new timetable in hand, Jacobovici and his colleagues re-examined long-ignored archeological artifacts and uncovered the truth about the Exodus and the Egyptian dynasty that ruled at the time.
Viking Berserker and their animalistic qualities - Documentary
In this history documentary we explore one of the most famous units of Viking History, the berserkers. We begin by describing the main traits of a Viking berserker. The first is their animalistic qualities. This is actually tied to the broad trend of animal-human hybrids which appear in civilizations across the world. The Berserkers appear to have emerged from the norse version of this tradition with their sagas being filled with many instances of norse gods, legendary figures, and mortals transforming into all kinds of animals. The berserkers were just a subset of this group.
One of the next qualities of a Berserker was their rage, known as the berserkergang. This involved the viking warrior devolving into a rage filled state which might see them begin to bite their teeth and howl. The norse saga tradition has many tales of how this berserker rage led to much bloodletting of friend and foe. This leads us to the next quality of the berserker, their rejection by the community. This is a result of the way their violence threatened cultural taboos of loyalty and honor.
With this established we then talk about the viking weapons and armor which would have been used by the berserkers. Berserker armor is usually described as consisting of nothing but a shield however we speculate that they likely wore better gear, especially if they served in a noble's retinue. We then talk about training, initiation rights, and battle tactics. Finally we conclude by looking at their service history in viking warfare across the years.
The Economy of Ancient Egypt
Ancient Egypt was amongst the first major human civilizations in existence.
Outside of being genuinely fascinating the economy of ancient Egypt is enlightening to really pull apart because it represents an economy in it’s most basic form.
Targeted inflation, debt cycles, derivatives contracts, and even the financial sector are all crucial components of our modern and hyper-advanced economies. Egypt, had none of these...
How the Mamluks Defended Against the Mongols - Medieval Documentary
In this video we will be explaining how the Mamluks defended against the Mongols. Watch the video to find out more!
mtDNA shows how humans migrated across the World
It has been over 20 years since DNA analysis technology began to be used in the field of archaeology. In many countries, scientists are analyzing genes from ancient human fossils and making them into a database so that they can be used for research.
Genes extracted from more than 10,000 fossils were extracted, analyzed, and compared.As a result, humans are said to have originated from a woman in Africa about 200,000 years ago.
And as a result of genetic analysis of her descendants who lived scattered around the globe, their migration routes were revealed.
In this video, their movement paths by era were mapped.
Who are the 7 Archangels & What Do They Represent?
In the following video we will explore the concept of the seven archangels. Using various religious texts and surrounding works we take a look at who they are and what exactly they represent. Enjoy!
Elizabeth I - English Monarchs Real Faces Recreation
A visit into renaissance England, and more specifically the reign of queen Elizabeth I, starting from teenage years to older, as well as her parents, Henry VIII and Ann Boleyn. Watch the video to find out more!
The Battle of Hastings Brought to Life in Stunning Animation: 1066
Join us as we take you on an epic journey through the Battle of Hastings, one of the most pivotal moments in English history. Our 3D animated documentary brings the medieval conflict to life, with stunning animation, realistic battle reenactments, and expert narration. Follow the events leading up to the historic battle between William the Conqueror and Harold Godwinson in 1066, and learn about the key players and tactics that shaped the outcome. Immerse yourself in the story of the Norman Invasion and its impact on Anglo-Saxon England. Perfect for history buffs and fans of medieval warfare alike. Don't miss out on this informative and visually stunning animation about the Battle of Hastings.
Portable sundial from the period 250–350 AD.
A Portable Sundial Adorns the Archaeological Museum of Philippi in Greece
The Ingenious Portable Sundial: A Testament to Hellenistic Innovation
In the heart of Macedonia, where history and archaeology intertwine, lies a hidden gem within the Archaeological Museum of Philippi: a portable sundial that takes us on a journey through time. Dating back to the period between 250 and 350 AD, this remarkable artifact offers a glimpse into the ancient world's fascination with measuring time, latitude, and the celestial heavens. Let us embark on a historical voyage to discover the secrets of this ingenious invention and its significance within the context of Hellenistic traditions.
The Portable Sundial's Unique Design
This portable sundial is unlike any other timekeeping device of its era. Comprising three interconnected flattened rings, it bears a striking resemblance to a spherical astrolabe. The beauty of this design lies in its versatility. Each of the three rings can be independently rotated a full 360 degrees, allowing for precise time measurements and astronomical observations.
Archaeological site of Philippi
On the outer curved side of the central ring, the names and latitudes of various cities are meticulously engraved in two half-rings. From Rome (ΡωΜΗC) to Alexandria (ΑΛΕΞΑΝΔΡΕΙΑC) and from Athens (ΑΘΗΝΑΙ) to Rhodes (ΡΟΔΟΥ), these inscriptions serve as geographical markers, facilitating latitude calculations.
Further enhancing its functionality, the sundial features month names engraved on both sides of the ring's thickness. These month inscriptions correspond to each city, with one side displaying January to June and the other July to December. This ingenious design allowed users to account for variations in daylight hours throughout the year, enabling more accurate timekeeping.
The innermost ring, found on the outer curved surface, contains a central optometric hole. This feature played a crucial role in determining the azimuth and altitude of celestial bodies, particularly the sun and stars. The inner domed side of this ring is divided into 12 sections by intricate engravings, enabling users to measure time with remarkable precision.
The Multifaceted Utility
This portable sundial is truly a marvel of ancient engineering. Its multifaceted utility is a testament to the ingenuity of the Hellenistic tradition. Beyond measuring time, this remarkable artifact allowed users to determine approximate latitude, chart the path of the sun or other celestial objects, and make calculations crucial for navigation and astronomy.
The Influence of Hellenistic Tradition
The roots of this portable sundial can be traced back to the Hellenistic tradition, a period marked by remarkable scientific and cultural achievements. However, it's important to note that the Byzantines, who succeeded the Hellenistic era, continued to cultivate these innovations under the influence of both Christianity and the Roman world. This blending of knowledge and ideas from different civilizations contributed to the refinement and development of devices like the portable sundial.
Visiting the Archaeological Museum of Philippi
For those fortunate enough to visit the Archaeological Museum of Philippi, this remarkable artifact is showcased among a wealth of historical treasures. On the first floor, visitors can explore archaeological and historical materials from the prehistoric settlement of Dikili Tash, as well as artifacts from the Hellenistic and Roman periods. The second floor offers a journey through the Christian city's history, from its early Christian prosperity to its eventual decline after the Ottoman conquest in the late 14th century.
The portable sundial from the period 250–350 AD, on display at the Archaeological Museum of Philippi, stands as a testament to the remarkable innovations of the Hellenistic tradition. Its intricate design and multifaceted utility speak volumes about the thirst for knowledge and precision that permeated the ancient world. As we marvel at this ancient timekeeping device, we are reminded of the enduring legacy of human curiosity and ingenuity that transcends the boundaries of time and place.
Castor and Pollux (Polydeuces), sons of Leda and Zeus, rape Hilaeira and Phoebe, the daughters of King Leucippus of Argos, shortly before their wedding.
Peter Paul Rubens - Bridgeman Art Library: Object 33380
The Rapture of the Leucippides
BY THE ARCHAEOLOGIST EDITOR GROUP
Of the myths about the first two Leucippides, Hilaeira and Phoebe, the most famous is the one that refers to the annulment of their marriage to their cousins, the Apharetids (the sons of Aphareus, Lygeus and Idas).
According to this myth, the Dioscuri, enraged by an earlier deception of the Apharetids in the distribution of the booty, kidnapped the two Leucippides. Their suitors pursued the Dioscuri to Taygetus, and in the ensuing battle Lygaeus and Castor were slain, while Zeus struck Ida with a thunderbolt. According to legend, these twins had the same mother, Leda, but different fathers: Castor was the earthly son of Tyndareus, King of Sparta, while Pollux was the divine son of Zeus, who seduced Leda in the guise of a swan. The brothers were set on marrying Hilaeira and Phoebe - the daughters of Leucippus - who were also known as the Leucippides. Unfortunately, they were already betrothed to the twin brothers Lynceus and Idas of Thebes, sons of Tyndareus's brother Aphareus. So to enforce their will, Castor and Pollux carried off the two women to Sparta, where they were duly married, and both gave birth to sons: Phoebe bore Mnesileos to Pollux; Hilaeira bore Anogon to Castor.
This myth to prevent consanguineous marriages inspired the ancient poets, who modified the myth in various ways, as well as numerous artists of antiquity and modern times. The Leucippides' tale actually adds to the conversation about how Greek women construct their own identities, the dynamic interactions between myth and society, the cultural significance of abduction tales and their relationship to marriage, as well as the dissemination, globalization, and context-specific reception of myth.
British Museum, London Catalogue No.London E224 Beazley Archive No.220497 Ware Attic Red Figure Shape Hydria Painter Attributed to the Meidias Painter Dateca 420 - 410 B.C. Period Classical
Apart from vase painting, in which the Rapture scene was a popular motif, such as the famous Meidius on a well-known vase in the British Museum, sculptors and painters also dealt with the same theme, for example in the reliefs of the Temple of Athena Chalcioecus and the Throne of Amyklaios Apollo, as well as in the Temple of Dioskouri in Athens (fresco by Polygnotos).
Among the more recent works, Peter Paul Rubens' painting "The Rapture of the Leucippides" (Alte Galerie, Munich) is famous.
The Origin of the Greek World
In the following video we will explain the origin of the Greek world. Enjoy!
Ancient Egyptians - Pharaohs - Real Faces Recreation
Another face recreation project focusing on ancient Egypt on some of its pharaohs and even normal people. This was done with the effort by observing the statues and separating myths, misconceptions from reality. Enjoy!
